<h1 id="firstHeading">Syntax for entering answers to WeBWorK</h1>


<h4> <span class="mw-headline">Mathematical Symbols Available In WeBWorK</span></h4>
<ul><li> + Addition
</li><li> - Subtraction
</li><li> * Multiplication can also be indicated by a space or juxtaposition, e.g. 2x, 2 x or 2*x, also 2(3+4).
</li><li> / Division
</li><li> ^ or ** You can use either ^ or ** for exponentiation, e.g. 3^2 or 3**2
</li><li> Parentheses: () - You can also use square brackets, [ ], and braces, { }, for grouping, e.g. [1+2]/[3(4+5)]
</li></ul>
<a name="Syntax_for_entering_expressions"></a><h4> <span class="mw-headline">Syntax for entering expressions</span></h4>
<ul><li> Be careful entering expressions just as you would be careful entering expressions in a calculator.
</li><li> <b>Use the "Preview Button" to see exactly how your entry
looks. E.g. to tell the difference between 1+2/3*4 and [1+2]/[3*4]
click the "Preview Button".</b>
</li><li> Sometimes using the * symbol to indicate mutiplication makes
things easier to read. For example (1+2)*(3+4) and (1+2)(3+4) are both
valid. So are 3*4 and 3&nbsp;4 (3 space 4, not 34) but using a * makes
things clearer.
</li><li> Use ('s and )'s to make your meaning clear. You can also use ['s and ]'s and {'s and }'s.
</li><li> Don't enter 2/4+5 (which is 5.5) when you really want 2/(4+5) (which is 2/9).
</li><li> Don't enter 2/3*4 (which is 8/3) when you really want 2/(3*4) (which is 2/12).
</li><li> Entering big quotients with square brackets, e.g. [1+2+3+4]/[5+6+7+8], is a good practice.
</li><li> Be careful when entering functions. It's always good practice
to use parentheses when entering functions. Write sin(t) instead of
sint or sin t even though WeBWorK is smart enough to <b>usually</b> accept sin t or even sint. For example, sin 2t is interpreted as sin(2)t, i.e. (sin(2))*t so be careful.
</li><li> You can enter sin^2(t) as a short cut although mathematically
speaking sin^2(t) is shorthand for (sin(t))^2(the square of sin of t).
(You can enter it as sin(t)^2 or even sint^2, but don't try such things
unless you <b>really</b> understand the precedence of operations. The
"sin" operation has highest precedence, so it is performed first, using
the next token (i.e. t) as an argument. Then the result is squared.)
You can always use the Preview button to see a typeset version of what
you entered and check whether what you wrote was what you
meant.&nbsp;:-)
</li><li> For example 2+3sin^2(4x) will work and is equivalent to
2+3(sin(4x))^2 or 2+3sin(4x)^2. Why does the last expression work?
Because things in parentheses are always done first [ i.e. (4x)], next
all functions, such as sin, are evaluated [giving sin(4x)], next all
exponents are taken [giving sin(4x)^2], next all multiplications and
divisions are performed in order from left to right [giving
3sin(4x)^2], and finally all additions and subtractions are performed
[giving 2+3sin(4x)^2].
</li><li> Is -5^2 positive or negative? It's negative. This is because
the square operation is done before the negative sign is applied. Use
(-5)^2 if you want to square negative 5.
</li><li> When in doubt use parentheses!!!&nbsp;:-)
</li><li> The complete rules for the precedence of operations, in addition to the above, are
<ul><li> Multiplications and divisions are performed left to right: 2/3*4 = (2/3)*4 = 8/3.
</li><li> Additions and subtractions are performed left to right: 1-2+3 = (1-2)+3 = 2.
</li><li> Exponents are taken right to left: 2^3^4 = 2^(3^4) = 2^81 = a big number.
</li></ul>
</li><li> <b>Use the "Preview Button" to see exactly how your entry
looks. E.g. to tell the difference between 1+2/3*4 and [1+2]/[3*4]
click the "Preview Button".</b>
</li></ul>
<a name="Mathematical_Constants_Available_In_WeBWorK"></a><h4> <span class="mw-headline">Mathematical Constants Available In WeBWorK</span></h4>
<ul><li> pi This gives 3.14159265358979, e.g. cos(pi) is -1
</li><li> e This gives 2.71828182845905, e.g. ln(e*2) is 1 + ln(2)
</li></ul>
<a name="Scientific_Notation_Available_In_WeBWorK"></a><h4> <span class="mw-headline">Scientific Notation Available In WeBWorK</span></h4>
<ul><li> 2.1E2 is the same as  210
</li><li> 2.1E-2 is the same as .021
</li></ul>
<a name="Mathematical_Functions_Available_In_WeBWorK"></a><h4> <span class="mw-headline">Mathematical Functions Available In WeBWorK</span></h4>
<p>Note that sometimes one or more of these functions is disabled for a WeBWorK problem because the 
instructor wants you to calculate the answer by some means other than just using the function.
</p>
<ul><li> abs( ) The absolute value
</li><li> cos( ) Note: cos( ) uses radian measure
</li><li> sin( ) Note: sin( ) uses radian measure
</li><li> tan( ) Note: tan( ) uses radian measure
</li><li> sec( ) Note: sec( ) uses radian measure
</li><li> cot( ) Note: cot( ) uses radian measure
</li><li> csc( ) Note: csc( ) uses radian measure
</li><li> exp( ) The same function as e^x
</li><li> log( ) This is usually the natural log but your professor may have redined this as log to the base 10
</li><li> ln( ) The natural log
</li><li> logten( ) The log to the base 10
</li><li> arcsin( )
</li><li> asin( ) or sin^-1() Another name for arcsin
</li><li> arccos( )
</li><li> acos( ) or cos^-1() Another name for arccos
</li><li> arctan( )
</li><li> atan( ) or tan^-1() Another name for arctan
</li><li> arccot( )
</li><li> acot( ) or cot^-1() Another name for arccot
</li><li> arcsec( )
</li><li> asec( ) or sec^-1() Another name for arcsec
</li><li> arccsc( )
</li><li> acsc( ) or csc^-1() Another name for arccsc
</li><li> sinh( )
</li><li> cosh( )
</li><li> tanh( )
</li><li> sech( )
</li><li> csch( )
</li><li> coth( )
</li><li> arcsinh( )
</li><li> asinh( ) or sinh^-1() Another name for arcsinh
</li><li> arccosh( )
</li><li> acosh( ) or cosh^-1()Another name for arccosh
</li><li> arctanh( )
</li><li> atanh( ) or tanh^-1()Another name for arctanh
</li><li> arcsech( )
</li><li> asech( ) or sech^-1()Another name for arcsech
</li><li> arccsch( )
</li><li> acsch( ) or csch^-1() Another name for arccsch
</li><li> arccoth( )
</li><li> acoth( ) or coth^-1() Another name for arccoth
</li><li> sqrt( )
</li><li> n!  (n factorial -- defined for <span class="typeset"><nobr><span class="scale"><span style="position: relative;"><span style="position: absolute; top: -0.131em; left: 0em;"><span class="cmmi10">n</span><span style="position: relative; margin-left: 0.277em;"><span class="cmsy10">Õ</span></span><span style="position: relative; margin-left: 0.277em;"><span class="cmr10">0</span></span>&nbsp;</span><span class="blank" style="width: 2.429em; height: 0.722em; vertical-align: 0.722em;"></span></span><span class="blank" style="height: 0.93em; vertical-align: 0.744em;"></span></span></nobr></span>
</li><li> These functions may not always be available for every problem.
<ul><li> sgn( ) The sign function, either -1, 0, or 1
</li><li> step( ) The step function (0 if <span class="typeset"><nobr><span class="scale"><span style="position: relative;"><span style="position: absolute; top: -0.131em; left: 0em;"><span class="cmmi10">x</span><span style="position: relative; margin-left: 0.277em;"><span class="cmmi10">&lt;</span></span><span style="position: relative; margin-left: 0.277em;"><span class="cmr10">0</span></span>&nbsp;</span><span class="blank" style="width: 2.429em; height: 0.722em; vertical-align: 0.722em;"></span></span><span class="blank" style="height: 0.833em; vertical-align: 0.744em;"></span></span></nobr></span>, 1 if <span class="typeset"><nobr><span class="scale"><span style="position: relative;"><span style="position: absolute; top: -0.131em; left: 0em;"><span class="cmmi10">x</span><span style="position: relative; margin-left: 0.277em;"><span class="cmsy10">Õ</span></span><span style="position: relative; margin-left: 0.277em;"><span class="cmr10">0</span></span>&nbsp;</span><span class="blank" style="width: 2.429em; height: 0.722em; vertical-align: 0.722em;"></span></span><span class="blank" style="height: 0.93em; vertical-align: 0.744em;"></span></span></nobr></span>)
</li><li> fact(n) The factorial function n! (defined only for nonnegative integers)
</li><li> P(n,k) = n*(n-1)*(n-2)...(n-k+1) the number of ordered sequences of k elements chosen from n elements
</li><li> C(n,k) = "n choose k" the number of unordered sequences of k elements chosen from n elements
</li></ul>
</li></ul>

For more information:

<a href="http://webwork.maa.org/wiki/Available_Functions">http://webwork.maa.org/wiki/Available_Functions</a>
